New HSK 2021 Level 3
HSK (汉语水平考试 Hàn yǔ Shuǐ píng Kǎo shì) is the official standardized test for Mandarin. HSK is getting a massive overhaul into the New HSK.
New HSK Level 3 students should be able to talk about their holiday plans; send out a formal either written or oral invitation for an activity.
Topics included: Travelling, school/work description, entertainment activities, festivals, education, occupations, and more.
Listening
Understand phrases in a short conversation (less than 300 words). Sentences will be spoken clearly at normal speed (around 180 characters per minute).
Speaking
Pronounce 608 pinyin with correct tones. Students must be comfortable in daily conversations, and be able to be involved in more complex discussions.
Reading
Recognize 900 Chinese characters and 2245 vocabularies. Students must know 210 grammar points and able to read short paragraphs (less than 300 characters).
Writing
Handwrite 300 basic characters using correct stroke orders. Students must also be able to copy more complex characters at a speed of 20 characters per minute.
New HSK 3 Vocabulary Word List
To prepare for the New HSK level 3 test, you need to learn 973 words listed below. Click the card to see the pinyin and translation.
爱心
愛心
ài xīn
compassion; kindness; care for others; love; charity (bazaar, golf day etc); heart (the symbol ♥)
1
安排
安排
ān pái
to arrange; to plan; to set up; arrangements; plans
2
安装
安裝
ān zhuāng
to install; to erect; to fix; to mount; installation
3
按
按
àn
to press; to push; to leave aside or shelve; to control; to restrain; to keep one’s hand on; to check or refer to; according to; in the light of; (of an editor or author) to make a comment
4
按照
按照
àn zhào
according to; in accordance with; in the light of; on the basis of
5
把
把
bǎ
particle marking the following noun as a direct object
6
把
把
bǎ
classifier for objects with handle; classifier for small objects: handful
7
把握
把握
bǎ wò
to grasp (also fig.); to seize; to hold; assurance; certainty; sure (of the outcome)
8
白
白
bái
white; snowy; pure; bright; empty; blank; plain; clear; to make clear; in vain; gratuitous; free of charge; reactionary; anti-communist; funeral; to stare coldly; to write wrong character; to state; to explain; vernacular; spoken lines in opera
9
白菜
白菜
bái cài
Chinese cabbage; pak choi
10
班级
班級
bān jí
class (group of students); grade (in school)
11
搬
搬
bān
to move (i.e. relocate oneself); to move (sth relatively heavy or bulky); to shift; to copy indiscriminately
12
搬家
搬家
bān jiā
to move house; removal
13
板
板
bǎn
board; plank; plate; shutter; table tennis bat; clappers (music); accented beat in Chinese music; hard; stiff; to stop smiling or look serious
14
办理
辦理
bàn lǐ
to handle; to transact; to conduct
15
保
保
bǎo
to defend; to protect; to keep; to guarantee; to ensure
16
保安
保安
bǎo ān
to ensure public security; to ensure safety (for workers engaged in production); public security; security guard
17
保持
保持
bǎo chí
to keep; to maintain; to hold; to preserve
18
保存
保存
bǎo cún
to conserve; to preserve; to keep; to save (a file etc) (computing)
19
保护
保護
bǎo hù
to protect; to defend; to safeguard; protection
20
保留
保留
bǎo liú
to retain; to continue to have; to preserve; to maintain; to reserve; reservations; to hold back (approval or acceptance)
21
保险
保險
bǎo xiǎn
insurance; to insure; safe; secure; be sure; be bound to
22
保证
保證
bǎo zhèng
guarantee; to guarantee; to ensure; to safeguard; to pledge
23
报
報
bào
to announce; to inform; report; newspaper; recompense; revenge
24
报到
報到
bào dào
to report for duty; to check in; to register
25
报道
報導
bào dào
to report (news); report
26
报告
報告
bào gào
to inform; to report; to make known; report; speech; talk; lecture
27
背
背
bēi
to be burdened; to carry on the back or shoulder
28
北部
北部
背
背
bèi
the back of a body or object; to turn one’s back; to hide something from; to learn by heart; to recite from memory; unlucky (slang); hard of hearing
30
背后
背後
bèi hòu
behind; at the back; in the rear; behind sb’s back
31
被
被
bèi
quilt; by; (indicates passive-voice clauses); (literary) to cover; to meet with; (coll.) (since c. 2009) used before a verb that does not accurately represent what actually happened, to describe with black humor how sb or sth was dealt with by the authorities (as in 被自殺|被自杀[bèi zì shā])
32
被子
被子
本来
本來
běn lái
original; originally; at first; it goes without saying; of course
34
本领
本領
běn lǐng
skill; ability; capability
35
本事
本事
běn shi
ability; skill
36
比较
比較
bǐ jiào
to compare; to contrast; comparatively; relatively; quite; comparison
37
比例
比例
bǐ lì
proportion; scale
38
比赛
比賽
bǐ sài
competition (sports etc); match; to compete
39
必然
必然
bì rán
inevitable; certain; necessity
40
必要
必要
bì yào
necessary; essential; indispensable; required
41
变化
變化
biàn huà
change; variation; to change; to vary
42
变为
變為
biàn wéi
to change into
43
标题
標題
biāo tí
title; heading; headline; caption; subject
44
标准
標準
biāo zhǔn
(an official) standard; norm; criterion
45
表达
表達
biǎo dá
to express; to convey
46
表格
表格
表面
表面
biǎo miàn
surface; face; outside; appearance
48
表明
表明
biǎo míng
to make clear; to make known; to state clearly; to indicate; known
49
表现
表現
biǎo xiàn
to show; to show off; to display; to manifest; expression; manifestation; show; display; performance (at work etc); behavior
50
表演
表演
biǎo yǎn
play; show; performance; exhibition; to perform; to act; to demonstrate
51
并
並
bìng
and; furthermore; also; together with; (not) at all; simultaneously; to combine; to join; to merge
52
并且
並且
bìng qiě
and; besides; moreover; furthermore; in addition
53
播出
播出
bō chū
to broadcast; to air (a TV program etc)
54
播放
播放
bò fàng
to broadcast; to transmit
55
不必
不必
bú bì
need not; does not have to; not necessarily
56
不断
不斷
bú duàn
unceasing; uninterrupted; continuous; constant
57
不论
不論
bú lùn
whatever; no matter what (who, how etc); regardless of; not to discuss
58
补
補
bǔ
to repair; to patch; to mend; to make up for; to fill (a vacancy); to supplement
59
补充
補充
bǔ chōng
to replenish; to supplement; to complement; additional; supplementary
60
不安
不安
bù ān
unpeaceful; unstable; uneasy; disturbed; restless; worried
61
不得不
不得不
bù dé bù
have no choice or option but to; cannot but; have to; can’t help it; can’t avoid
62
不光
不光
bù guāng
not the only one; not only
63
不仅
不僅
bù jǐn
not only (this one); not just (…) but also
64
布
布
bù
cloth; to declare; to announce; to spread; to make known
65
步
步
bù
a step; a pace; walk; march; stages in a process; situation
66
部
部
bù
ministry; department; section; part; division; troops; board; classifier for works of literature, films, machines etc
67
部门
部門
bù mén
department; branch; section; division
68
部长
部長
bù zhǎng
head of a (government etc) department; section chief; section head; secretary; minister
69
才能
才能
cái néng
talent; ability; capacity
70
采取
採取
cǎi qǔ
to adopt or carry out (measures, policies, course of action); to take
71
采用
採用
cǎi yòng
to adopt; to employ; to use
72
彩色
彩色
cǎi sè
color; multi-colored
73
曾经
曾經
céng jīng
once; already; former; previously; ever; (past tense marker used before verb or clause)
74
产生
產生
chǎn shēng
to arise; to come into being; to come about; to give rise to; to bring into being; to bring about; to produce; to engender; to generate; to appear; appearance; emergence; generation; production; yield
75
长城
長城
cháng chéng
the Great Wall
76
长处
長處
cháng chù
good aspects; strong points
77
长期
長期
cháng qī
long term; long time; long range (of a forecast)
78
厂
廠
chǎng
factory; yard; depot; workhouse; works; (industrial) plant
79
场合
場合
chǎng hé
situation; occasion; context; setting; location; venue
80
场所
場所
chǎng suǒ
location; place
81
超级
超級
chāo jí
super-; ultra-; hyper-
82
朝
朝
cháo
imperial or royal court; government; dynasty; reign of a sovereign or emperor; court or assembly held by a sovereign or emperor; to make a pilgrimage to; facing; towards.
83
吵
吵
chǎo
to quarrel; to make a noise; noisy; to disturb by making a noise
84
吵架
吵架
chǎo jià
to quarrel; to have a row; quarrel
85
衬衫
襯衫
chèn shān
shirt; blouse
86
衬衣
襯衣
称为
稱為
chēng wéi
called; to call sth (by a name); to name
88
成功
成功
chéng gōng
success; to succeed
89
成果
成果
chéng guǒ
result; achievement; gain; profit
90
成就
成就
chéng jiù
accomplishment; success; achievement; to achieve (a result); to create; to bring about
91
成立
成立
chéng lì
to establish; to set up; to be tenable; to hold water
92
成熟
成熟
chéng shú
mature; ripe; to mature; to ripen; Taiwan pr. [chéng shóu]
93
成员
成員
成长
成長
chéng zhǎng
to mature; to grow; growth
95
城
城
chéng
city walls; city; town
96
城市
城市
程度
程度
chéng dù
degree (level or extent); level
98
持续
持續
chí xù
to continue; to persist; sustainable; preservation
99
充满
充滿
chōng mǎn
full of; brimming with; very full; permeated
100
重
重
chóng
to repeat; repetition; again; re-; classifier: layer
101
初
初
chū
at first; (at the) beginning; first; junior; basic
102
初
初
chū yī
at first; (at the) beginning; first; junior; basic
103
初步
初步
chū bù
initial; preliminary; tentative
104
初级
初級
chū jí
junior; primary
105
初中
初中
chū zhōng
junior high school; abbr. for 初級中學|初级中学[chū jí zhōng xué]
106
除了
除了
chú le
besides; apart from (… also…); in addition to; except (for)
107
处理
處理
chǔ lǐ
to handle; to treat; to deal with; to process; to deal with a criminal case; to mete out punishment; to offer for sale at a reduced price; to punish
108
传
傳
chuán
to pass on; to spread; to transmit; to infect; to transfer; to circulate; to conduct (electricity)
109
传播
傳播
chuán bō
to disseminate; to propagate; to spread
110
传来
傳來
chuán lái
(of a sound) to come through; to be heard; (of news) to arrive
111
传说
傳說
chuán shuō
legend; folklore; to repeat from mouth to mouth; they say that…
112
创新
創新
chuàng xīn
innovation; to bring forth new ideas; to blaze new trails
113
创业
創業
chuàng yè
to begin an undertaking; to start a major task; to initiate; to venture; venture; entrepreneurship
114
创造
創造
chuàng zào
to create; to bring about; to produce; to set (a record)
115
创作
創作
chuàng zuò
to create; to produce; to write; creative work; creation
116
从来
從來
cóng lái
always; at all times; never (if used in negative sentence)
117
从前
從前
cóng qián
previously; formerly; once upon a time
118
从事
從事
cóng shì
to go for; to engage in; to undertake; to deal with; to handle; to do
119
村
村
存
存
cún
to exist; to deposit; to store; to keep; to survive
121
存在
存在
cún zài
to exist; to be; existence
122
错误
錯誤
cuò wù
error; mistake; mistaken; false; wrong
123
达到
達到
dá dào
to reach; to achieve; to attain
124
打破
打破
dǎ pò
to break; to smash
125
打听
打聽
dǎ ting
to ask about; to make some inquiries; to ask around
126
大概
大概
dà gài
roughly; probably; rough; approximate; about; general idea
127
大使馆
大使館
大约
大約
dà yuē
approximately; probably
129
大夫
大夫
dà fu
doctor; physician
130
代
代
dài
to substitute; to act on behalf of others; to replace; generation; dynasty; age; period; (historical) era; (geological) eon
131
代表
代表
dài biǎo
representative; delegate; to represent; to stand for; on behalf of; in the name of
132
代表团
代表團
dài biǎo tuán
delegation
133
带动
帶動
dài dòng
to spur; to provide impetus; to drive
134
带领
帶領
dài lǐng
to guide; to lead
135
单元
單元
dān yuán
unit (forming an entity); element; (in a residential building) entrance or staircase
136
当初
當初
dāng chū
at that time; originally
137
当地
當地
当然
當然
dāng rán
only natural; as it should be; certainly; of course; without doubt
139
当中
當中
dāng zhōng
among; in the middle; in the center
140
刀
刀
dāo
knife; blade; single-edged sword; cutlass; (slang) dollar (loanword); classifier for sets of one hundred sheets (of paper); classifier for knife cuts or stabs
141
导演
導演
dǎo yǎn
to direct; director (film etc)
142
到达
到達
dào dá
to reach; to arrive
143
到底
到底
dào dǐ
finally; in the end; when all is said and done; after all; to the end; to the last
144
得分
得分
等待
等待
děng dài
to wait; to wait for
146
底下
底下
dǐ xia
the location below sth; afterwards
147
地区
地區
dì qū
local; regional; district (not necessarily formal administrative unit); region; area; as suffix to city name, means prefecture or county (area administered by a prefecture-level city or county level city)
148
电视剧
電視劇
diàn shì jù
TV play; soap opera
149
电视台
電視台
diàn shì tái
television station
150
电台
電台
diàn tái
transmitter-receiver; broadcasting station; radio station
151
电子邮件
電子郵件
diàn zǐ yóu jiàn
email
152
调
調
diào
to transfer; to move (troops or cadres); to investigate; to enquire into; accent; view; argument; key (in music); mode (music); tune; tone; melody
153
调查
調查
diào chá
investigation; inquiry; to investigate; to survey; survey; (opinion) poll
154
订
訂
dìng
to agree; to conclude; to draw up; to subscribe to (a newspaper etc); to order
155
定期
定期
dìng qī
at set dates; at regular intervals; periodic; limited to a fixed period of time; fixed term
156
东部
東部
dōng bù
the east; eastern part
157
动力
動力
dòng lì
motive power; force; (fig.) motivation; impetus
158
动人
動人
dòng rén
touching; moving
159
读者
讀者
短处
短處
duǎn chù
shortcoming; defect; fault; one’s weak points
161
短裤
短褲
duǎn kù
short pants; shorts
162
短期
短期
duǎn qī
short term; short-term
163
断
斷
duàn
to break; to snap; to cut off; to give up or abstain from sth; to judge; (usu. used in the negative) absolutely; definitely; decidedly
164
队员
隊員
对待
對待
duì dài
to treat; treatment
166
对方
對方
duì fāng
counterpart; other person involved; opposite side; other side; receiving party
167
对手
對手
duì shǒu
opponent; rival; competitor; (well-matched) adversary; match
168
对象
對象
duì xiàng
target; object; partner; boyfriend; girlfriend
169
顿
頓
dùn
to stop; to pause; to arrange; to lay out; to kowtow; to stamp (one’s foot); at once; classifier for meals, beatings, scoldings etc: time, bout, spell, meal
170
发表
發表
fā biǎo
to issue; to publish
171
发出
發出
fā chū
to issue (an order, decree etc); to send out; to dispatch; to produce (a sound); to let out (a laugh)
172
发达
發達
fā dá
developed (country etc); flourishing; to develop
173
发动
發動
fā dòng
to start; to launch; to unleash; to mobilize; to arouse
174
发明
發明
fā míng
to invent; an invention
175
发生
發生
fā shēng
to happen; to occur; to take place; to break out
176
发送
發送
fā sòng
to transmit; to dispatch; to issue (an official document or credential)
177
发言
發言
fā yán
to make a speech; statement; utterance
178
发展
發展
fā zhǎn
development; growth; to develop; to grow; to expand
179
反对
反對
fǎn duì
to fight against; to oppose; to be opposed to; opposition
180
反复
反复
fǎn fù
repeatedly; over and over; to upend; unstable; to come and go; (of an illness) to return
181
反应
反應
fǎn yìng
to react; to respond; reaction; response; reply; chemical reaction
182
反正
反正
fǎn zhèng
anyway; in any case; to come over from the enemy’s side
183
范围
範圍
fàn wéi
range; scope; limit; extent
184
方式
方式
fāng shì
way; manner; style; mode; pattern
185
防
防
fáng
to protect; to defend; to guard against; to prevent
186
防止
防止
fáng zhǐ
to prevent; to guard against; to take precautions
187
房东
房東
房屋
房屋
fáng wū
house; building
189
房租
房租
fáng zū
rent for a room or house
190
访问
訪問
fǎng wèn
to visit; to call on; to interview
191
放到
放到
fàng dào
to put (somewhere)
192
飞行
飛行
fēi xíng
(of planes etc) to fly; flying; flight; aviation
193
费
費
fèi
to cost; to spend; fee; wasteful; expenses
194
费用
費用
fèi yong
cost; expenditure; expense
195
分别
分別
fēn bié
to part or leave each other; to distinguish; difference; in different ways; differently; separately or individually
196
分配
分配
fēn pèi
to distribute; to assign; to allocate; to partition (a hard drive)
197
分组
分組
fēn zǔ
to divide into groups; (computer networking) packet
198
丰富
豐富
fēng fù
to enrich; rich; plentiful; abundant
199
风险
風險
fēng xiǎn
risk; hazard
200
否定
否定
fǒu dìng
to negate; to deny; to reject; negative (answer); negation
201
否认
否認
fǒu rèn
to declare to be untrue; to deny
202
服装
服裝
fú zhuāng
dress; clothing; costume; clothes
203
福
福
fú
good fortune; happiness; luck
204
父母
父母
fù mǔ
father and mother; parents
205
父亲
父親
fù qīn
father; also pr. [fù qin]
206
付
付
fù
to pay; to hand over to; classifier for pairs or sets of things
207
负责
負責
fù zé
to be in charge of; to take responsibility for; to be to blame; conscientious
208
复印
複印
fù yìn
to photocopy; to duplicate a document
209
复杂
複雜
fù zá
complicated; complex
210
富
富
fù
rich; abundant; wealthy
211
改进
改進
gǎi jìn
to improve; to make better
212
改造
改造
gǎi zào
to transform; to reform; to remodel; to remold
213
概念
概念
gài niàn
concept; idea
214
赶
趕
gǎn
to overtake; to catch up with; to hurry; to rush; to try to catch (the bus etc); to drive (cattle etc) forward; to drive (sb) away; to avail oneself of (an opportunity); until
215
赶到
趕到
gǎn dào
to hurry (to some place)
216
赶紧
趕緊
gǎn jǐn
hurriedly; without delay
217
赶快
趕快
gǎn kuài
at once; immediately
218
敢
敢
gǎn
to dare; daring; (polite) may I venture
219
感冒
感冒
gǎn mào
to catch cold; (common) cold; (coll.) to be interested in (often used in the negative); (Tw) to detest; can’t stand
220
感情
感情
gǎn qíng
emotion; sentiment; affection; feelings between two persons
221
感受
感受
gǎn shòu
to sense; perception; to feel (through the senses); to experience; a feeling; an impression; an experience
222
干吗
幹嗎
gàn má
see 幹嘛|干嘛[gàn má]
223
高速
高速
高速公路
高速公路
gāo sù gōng lù
expressway; highway; freeway
225
告别
告別
gào bié
to leave; to bid farewell to; to say good-bye to
226
歌迷
歌迷
gē mí
fan of a singer
227
歌声
歌聲
gē shēng
singing voice; fig. original voice of a poet
228
歌手
歌手
个人
個人
gè rén
individual; personal; oneself
230
个性
個性
gè xìng
individuality; personality
231
各
各
各地
各地
gè dì
in all parts of (a country); various regions
233
各位
各位
gè wèi
everybody; all (guests, colleagues etc); all of you
234
各种
各種
gè zhǒng
every kind of; all kinds of; various kinds
235
各自
各自
gè zì
each; respective; apiece
236
根本
根本
gēn běn
fundamental; basic; root; simply; absolutely (not); (not) at all
237
更加
更加
gèng jiā
more (than sth else); even more
238
工厂
工廠
工程师
工程師
gōng chéng shī
engineer
240
工夫
工夫
gōng fu
period of time (may be months, or mere seconds); spare time; skill; labor; effort
241
工具
工具
gōng jù
tool; instrument; utensil; means (to achieve a goal etc)
242
工业
工業
工资
工資
公布
公佈
gōng bù
to announce; to make public; to publish
245
公共
公共
gōng gòng
public; common; communal
246
公开
公開
gōng kāi
public; to publish; to make public
247
公民
公民
公务员
公務員
gōng wù yuán
functionary; office-bearer
249
功夫
功夫
gōng fu
skill; art; kung fu; labor; effort
250
功课
功課
gōng kè
homework; assignment; task; classwork; lesson; study
251
功能
功能
gōng néng
function; capability
252
共同
共同
gòng tóng
common; joint; jointly; together; collaborative
253
共有
共有
gòng yǒu
to have altogether; in all
254
姑娘
姑娘
gū niang
girl; young woman; young lady; daughter; paternal aunt (old)
255
古
古
gǔ
ancient; old; paleo-
256
古代
古代
gǔ dài
ancient times; olden times
257
故乡
故鄉
gù xiāng
home; homeland; native place
258
挂
掛
guà
to hang or suspend (from a hook etc); to hang up (the phone); (of a line) to be dead; to be worried or concerned; to make a phone call (dialect); to register or record; classifier for sets or clusters of objects; (slang) to kill; to die; to be finished; to fail (an exam)
259
关系
關係
guān xì
relation; relationship; to concern; to affect; to have to do with; guanxi
260
关注
關注
guān zhù
to pay attention to; to follow sth closely; to follow (on social media); concern; interest; attention
261
观察
觀察
guān chá
to observe; to watch; to survey; to examine; observation; view; perspective
262
观看
觀看
guān kàn
to watch; to view
263
观念
觀念
guān niàn
notion; thought; concept; sense; views; ideology; general impressions
264
观众
觀眾
guān zhòng
spectators; audience; visitors (to an exhibition etc)
265
管
管
guǎn
to take care (of); to control; to manage; to be in charge of; to look after; to run; to care about; tube; pipe; woodwind; classifier for tube-shaped objects; particle similar to 把[bǎ] in 管…叫 constructions; writing brush; (coll.) to; towards
266
管理
管理
guǎn lǐ
to supervise; to manage; to administer; management; administration
267
光
光
guāng
light; ray; bright; only; merely; to use up
268
光明
光明
guāng míng
light; radiance; (fig.) bright (prospects etc); openhearted
269
广播
廣播
guǎng bò
broadcast; broadcasting; to broadcast; (formal) to propagate; to publicize
270
广大
廣大
guǎng dà
(of an area) vast or extensive; large-scale; widespread; (of people) numerous
271
规定
規定
guī dìng
provision; to fix; to set; to formulate; to stipulate; to provide; regulation; rule
272
规范
規範
guī fàn
norm; standard; specification; regulation; rule; within the rules; to fix rules; to regulate; to specify
273
国内
國內
guó nèi
domestic; internal (to a country); civil
274
国庆
國慶
guó qìng
National Day
275
果然
果然
guǒ rán
really; sure enough; as expected; if indeed
276
果汁
果汁
过程
過程
guò chéng
course of events; process
278
过去
過去
哈哈
哈哈
hā hā
(onom.) laughing out loud
280
海关
海關
hǎi guān
customs (i.e. border crossing inspection)
281
害怕
害怕
hài pà
to be afraid; to be scared
282
行
行
háng
row; line; commercial firm; line of business; profession; to rank (first, second etc) among one’s siblings (by age); (in data tables) row; (Tw) column
283
好好
好好
hǎo hǎo
well; carefully; nicely; properly
284
好奇
好奇
hào qí
inquisitive; curious; inquisitiveness; curiosity
285
合
合
hé
to close; to join; to fit; to be equal to; whole; together; round (in battle); conjunction (astronomy); 1st note of pentatonic scale; old variant of 盒[hé]
286
合法
合法
hé fǎ
lawful; legitimate; legal
287
合格
合格
hé gé
to meet the standard required; qualified; eligible (voter etc)
288
合理
合理
hé lǐ
rational; reasonable; fair
289
合作
合作
hé zuò
to cooperate; to collaborate; to work together; cooperation
290
和平
和平
hé píng
peace; peaceful
291
红茶
紅茶
红酒
紅酒
后果
後果
hòu guǒ
consequences; aftermath
294
后面
後面
hòu miàn
rear; back; behind; later; afterwards; also pr. [hòu mian]
295
后年
後年
hòu nián
the year after next
296
互联网
互聯網
hù lián wǎng
Internet
297
互相
互相
hù xiāng
each other; mutually; mutual
298
划船
划船
huá chuán
to row a boat; rowing boat; rowing (sport)
299
华人
華人
huá rén
ethnic Chinese person or people
300
化
化
xiàn dài huà
to make into; to change into; -ization; to … -ize; to transform
301
话剧
話劇
huà jù
stage play; modern drama
302
话题
話題
huà tí
subject (of a talk or conversation); topic
303
欢乐
歡樂
huān lè
gaiety; gladness; glee; merriment; pleasure; happy; joyous; gay
304
环
環
huán
ring; hoop; loop; (chain) link; classifier for scores in archery etc; to surround; to encircle; to hem in
305
环保
環保
huán bǎo
environmental protection; environmentally friendly; abbr. for 環境保護|环境保护[huán jìng bǎo hù]
306
环境
環境
huán jìng
environment; circumstances; surroundings; ambient
307
会议
會議
huì yì
meeting; conference
308
会员
會員
活
活
huó
to live; alive; living; work; workmanship
310
火
火
huǒ
fire; urgent; ammunition; fiery or flaming; internal heat (Chinese medicine); hot (popular); classifier for military units (old)
311
机器
機器
积极
積極
jī jí
active; energetic; vigorous; positive (outlook); proactive
313
基本
基本
jī běn
basic; fundamental; main; elementary
314
基本上
基本上
jī běn shàng
basically; on the whole
315
基础
基礎
jī chǔ
base; foundation; basis; underlying
316
及时
及時
jí shí
in time; promptly; without delay; timely
317
极了
極了
jí le
extremely; exceedingly
318
集体
集體
jí tǐ
collective (decision); joint (effort); a group; a team; en masse; as a group
319
集中
集中
jí zhōng
to concentrate; to centralize; to focus; centralized; concentrated; to put together
320
计算
計算
jì suàn
to count; to calculate; to compute
321
记录
記錄
jì lù
to record; record (written account); note-taker; record (in sports etc)
322
记者
記者
jì zhě
reporter; journalist
323
纪录
紀錄
jì lù
variant of 記錄|记录[jì lù] (but in Taiwan, not for the verb sense “to record”)
324
纪念
紀念
jì niàn
to commemorate; to remember
325
技术
技術
jì shù
technology; technique; skill
326
继续
繼續
jì xù
to continue; to proceed with; to go on with
327
加工
加工
jiā gōng
to process; processing; working (of machinery)
328
加快
加快
jiā kuài
to accelerate; to speed up
329
加强
加強
jiā qiáng
to reinforce; to strengthen; to increase
330
家具
家具
家属
家屬
jiā shǔ
family member; (family) dependent
332
家乡
家鄉
jiā xiāng
hometown; native place
333
价格
價格
价钱
價錢
价值
價值
jià zhí
value; worth; fig. values (ethical, cultural etc)
336
架
架
jià
to support; frame; rack; framework; classifier for planes, large vehicles, radios etc
337
坚持
堅持
jiān chí
to persevere with; to persist in; to insist on
338
坚决
堅決
jiān jué
firm; resolute; determined
339
坚强
堅強
jiān qiáng
staunch; strong
340
简单
簡單
jiǎn dān
simple; not complicated
341
简直
簡直
jiǎn zhí
simply; at all; practically
342
建
建
jiàn
to establish; to found; to set up; to build; to construct
343
建成
建成
jiàn chéng
to establish; to build
344
建立
建立
jiàn lì
to establish; to set up; to found
345
建设
建設
jiàn shè
to build; to construct; construction; constructive
346
建议
建議
jiàn yì
to propose; to suggest; to recommend; proposal; suggestion; recommendation
347
将近
將近
jiāng jìn
almost; nearly; close to
348
将来
將來
jiāng lái
in the future; future; the future
349
交费
交費
jiāo fèi
to pay a fee
350
交警
交警
jiāo jǐng
traffic police; abbr. for 交通警察
351
交流
交流
jiāo liú
to exchange; exchange; communication; interaction; to have social contact (with sb)
352
交往
交往
jiāo wǎng
to associate (with); to have contact (with); to hang out (with); to date; (interpersonal) relationship; association; contact
353
交易
交易
jiāo yì
(business) transaction; business deal
354
叫
叫
jiào
by (indicates agent in the passive mood)
355
较
較
jiào
to compare; to dispute; compared to; (before adj.) relatively; comparatively; rather; also pr. [jiǎo]
356
教材
教材
jiào cái
teaching material
357
教练
教練
jiào liàn
instructor; sports coach; trainer
358
结实
結實
jiē shi
rugged; sturdy; strong; durable; buff (physique)
359
接待
接待
jiē dài
to receive (a visitor); to admit (allow sb to enter)
360
接近
接近
jiē jìn
to approach; to get close to
361
节约
節約
jié yuē
to economize; to conserve (resources); economy; frugal
362
结合
結合
jié hé
to combine; to link; to integrate; binding
363
结婚
結婚
jié hūn
to marry; to get married
364
结束
結束
jié shù
termination; to finish; to end; to conclude; to close
365
解决
解決
jiě jué
to settle (a dispute); to resolve; to solve; to dispose of; to dispatch
366
解开
解開
jiě kāi
to untie; to undo; to solve (a mystery)
367
金
金
jīn
gold; chemical element Au; generic term for lustrous and ductile metals; money; golden; highly respected; one of the eight categories of ancient musical instruments 八音[bā yīn]
368
金牌
金牌
仅
僅
jǐn
barely; only; merely
370
仅仅
僅僅
jǐn jǐn
barely; only; merely; only (this and nothing more)
371
尽量
盡量
jǐn liàng
as much as possible; to the greatest extent
372
紧
緊
jǐn
tight; strict; close at hand; near; urgent; tense; hard up; short of money; to tighten
373
紧急
緊急
jǐn jí
urgent; emergency
374
紧张
緊張
jǐn zhāng
nervous; keyed up; intense; tense; strained; in short supply; scarce
375
进步
進步
jìn bù
progress; improvement; to improve; to progress
376
进一步
進一步
jìn yí bù
one step further; to move forward a step; further onwards
377
进展
進展
jìn zhǎn
to make headway; to make progress
378
近期
近期
jìn qī
near in time; in the near future; very soon; recent
379
京剧
京劇
jīng jù
Beijing opera
380
经济
經濟
jīng jì
economy; economic
381
经历
經歷
jīng lì
experience; to experience; to go through
382
经验
經驗
jīng yàn
experience; to experience
383
经营
經營
jīng yíng
to engage in (business etc); to run; to operate
384
精彩
精彩
jīng cǎi
wonderful; marvelous; brilliant
385
精神
精神
jīng shén
spirit; mind; consciousness; thought; mental; psychological; essence; gist
386
精神
精神
jīng shen
vigor; vitality; drive; spiritual
387
景色
景色
jǐng sè
scenery; scene; landscape; view
388
警察
警察
jǐng chá
police; police officer
389
静
靜
jìng
still; calm; quiet; not moving
390
久
久
jiǔ
(long) time; (long) duration of time
391
旧
舊
jiù
old; opposite: new 新; former; worn (with age)
392
救
救
jiù
to save; to assist; to rescue
393
就是
就是
jiù shì
(emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as stated); precisely; exactly; even; if; just like; in the same way as
394
就业
就業
jiù yè
to get a job; employment
395
举办
舉辦
jǔ bàn
to conduct; to hold
396
具体
具體
jù tǐ
concrete; definite; specific
397
具有
具有
jù yǒu
to have; to possess
398
剧场
劇場
据说
據說
jù shuō
it is said that; reportedly
400
决定
決定
jué dìng
to decide (to do something); to resolve; decision; certainly
401
决赛
決賽
jué sài
finals (of a competition)
402
决心
決心
jué xīn
determination; resolution; determined; firm and resolute; to make up one’s mind
403
绝对
絕對
jué duì
absolute; unconditional
404
咖啡
咖啡
kā fēi
coffee (loanword)
405
开发
開發
kāi fā
to exploit (a resource); to open up (for development); to develop
406
开放
開放
kāi fàng
to bloom; to open; to be open (to the public); to open up (to the outside); to be open-minded; unrestrained by convention; unconstrained in one’s sexuality
407
开始
開始
kāi shǐ
to begin; beginning; to start; initial
408
开业
開業
kāi yè
to open a business; to open a practice; open (for business)
409
开展
開展
kāi zhǎn
to launch; to develop; to unfold; (of an exhibition etc) to open
410
看起来
看起來
kàn qǐ lái
seemingly; apparently; looks as if; appear to be; gives the impression that; seems on the face of it to be
411
看上去
看上去
kàn shàng qù
it would appear; it seems (that)
412
考验
考驗
kǎo yàn
to test; to put to the test; trial; ordeal
413
科技
科技
kē jì
science and technology
414
可靠
可靠
可乐
可樂
kě lè
amusing; entertaining; (loanword) cola
416
克服
克服
kè fú
(try to) overcome (hardships etc); to conquer; to put up with; to endure
417
客观
客觀
kè guān
objective; impartial
418
课程
課程
kè chéng
course; academic program
419
空
空
kōng
empty; air; sky; in vain
420
空调
空調
kòng tiáo
air conditioning; air conditioner (including units that have a heating mode)
421
恐怕
恐怕
kǒng pà
fear; to dread; I’m afraid that…; perhaps; maybe
422
空儿
空兒
kòng r
spare time; free time
423
裤子
褲子
kù zi
trousers; pants
424
快速
快速
kuài sù
fast; high-speed; rapid
425
困
困
困难
困難
kùn nan
difficult; challenging; straitened circumstances; difficult situation
427
浪费
浪費
làng fèi
to waste; to squander
428
老百姓
老百姓
lǎo bǎi xìng
ordinary people; the “person in the street”
429
老板
老闆
lǎo bǎn
boss; business proprietor
430
老太太
老太太
lǎo tài tai
elderly lady (respectful); esteemed mother
431
老头儿
老頭兒
lǎo tóu r
see 老頭子|老头子[lǎo tóu zi]
432
乐
樂
lè
happy; cheerful; to laugh
433
乐观
樂觀
lè guān
optimistic; hopeful
434
类
類
lèi
kind; type; class; category; similar; like; to resemble
435
类似
類似
lèi sì
similar; analogous
436
离婚
離婚
lí hūn
to divorce; divorced from (one’s spouse)
437
里面
裡面
lǐ miàn
inside; interior; also pr. [lǐ mian]
438
理发
理髮
lǐ fà
a barber; hairdressing
439
理解
理解
lǐ jiě
to comprehend; to understand; comprehension; understanding
440
理论
理論
lǐ lùn
theory; to argue; to take notice of
441
理由
理由
lǐ yóu
reason; grounds; justification
442
力
力
lì
power; force; strength; ability; strenuously
443
力量
力量
lì liàng
power; force; strength
444
立刻
立刻
lì kè
forthwith; immediate; prompt; promptly; straightway; thereupon; at once
445
利用
利用
lì yòng
to exploit; to make use of; to use; to take advantage of; to utilize
446
连
連
lián
to link; to join; to connect; continuously; in succession; including; (used with 也[yě], 都[dōu] etc) even; company (military)
447
连忙
連忙
lián máng
promptly; at once
448
连续
連續
lián xù
continuous; in a row; serial; consecutive
449
连续剧
連續劇
lián xù jù
serialized drama; dramatic series; show in parts
450
联合
聯合
lián hé
to combine; to join; unite; alliance
451
联合国
聯合國
lián hé guó
United Nations
452
联系
聯繫
lián xì
connection; contact; relation; to get in touch with; to integrate; to link; to touch
453
凉水
涼水
liáng shuǐ
cool water; unboiled water
454
了
了
liǎo
to finish; to achieve; (of eyes) bright; clear-sighted; to understand clearly.
455
领
領
lǐng
neck; collar; to lead; to receive; classifier for clothes, mats, screens etc
456
领导
領導
lǐng dǎo
lead; leading; to lead; leadership; leader
457
领先
領先
lǐng xiān
to lead; to be in front
458
另外
另外
lìng wài
additional; in addition; besides; separate; other; moreover; furthermore
459
另一方面
另一方面
lìng yī fāng miàn
on the other hand; another aspect
460
留学
留學
liú xué
to study abroad
461
龙
龍
lóng
dragon; imperial
462
录
錄
lù
diary; record; to hit; to copy
463
录音
錄音
lù yīn
to record (sound); sound recording
464
路线
路線
lù xiàn
itinerary; route; political line (e.g. right revisionist road)
465
旅馆
旅館
旅行社
旅行社
lǚ xíng shè
travel agency
467
绿茶
綠茶
乱
亂
luàn
in confusion or disorder; in a confused state of mind; disorder; upheaval; riot; illicit sexual relations; to throw into disorder; to mix up; indiscriminate; random; arbitrary
469
落后
落後
luò hòu
to fall behind; to lag (in technology etc); backward; to retrogress
470
麻烦
麻煩
má fan
inconvenient; troublesome; annoying; to trouble or bother sb; to put sb to trouble
471
马
馬
mǎ
horse; horse or cavalry piece in Chinese chess; knight in Western chess
472
满足
滿足
mǎn zú
to satisfy; to meet (the needs of); satisfied; content
473
慢慢
慢慢
毛
毛
máo
hair; feather; down; wool; mildew; mold; coarse or semifinished; young; raw; careless; unthinking; nervous; scared; (of currency) to devalue or depreciate; classifier for Chinese fractional monetary unit ( = 角[jiǎo] , = one-tenth of a yuan or 10 fen 分[fēn])
475
毛病
毛病
máo bìng
fault; defect; shortcomings; ailment
476
没用
沒用
媒体
媒體
méi tǐ
media, esp. news media
478
每
每
美
美
měi
beautiful; very satisfactory; good; to beautify; to be pleased with oneself
480
美好
美好
měi hǎo
beautiful; fine
481
美丽
美麗
美食
美食
měi shí
culinary delicacy; fine food; gourmet food
483
美术
美術
měi shù
art; fine arts; painting
484
美元
美元
měi yuán
American dollar; US dollar
485
迷
迷
mí
to bewilder; crazy about; fan; enthusiast; lost; confused
486
米
米
mǐ
rice; meter (classifier)
487
面对
面對
miàn duì
to confront; to face
488
面积
面積
miàn jī
area (of a floor, piece of land etc); surface area; tract of land
489
民间
民間
mín jiān
among the people; popular; folk; non-governmental; involving people rather than governments
490
民族
民族
mín zú
nationality; ethnic group
491
明确
明確
míng què
clear-cut; definite; explicit; to clarify; to specify; to make definite
492
明显
明顯
míng xiǎn
clear; distinct; obvious
493
命运
命運
mìng yùn
fate; destiny
494
某
某
mǒu
some; a certain; sb or sth indefinite; such-and-such
495
母亲
母親
mǔ qīn
mother; also pr. [mǔ qin]
496
木头
木頭
mù tou
slow-witted; blockhead; log (of wood, timber etc)
497
目标
目標
mù biāo
target; goal; objective
498
目前
目前
mù qián
at the present time; currently
499
奶茶
奶茶
男子
男子
南部
南部
难道
難道
nán dào
don’t tell me …; could it be that…?
503
难度
難度
nán dù
trouble; problem
504
内
內
nèi
inside; inner; internal; within; interior
505
内容
內容
nèi róng
content; substance; details
506
内心
內心
nèi xīn
heart; innermost being; (math.) incenter
507
能不能
能不能
néng bu néng
is it possible to, can one
508
能力
能力
néng lì
capability; ability
509
年初
年初
nián chū
beginning of the year
510
年代
年代
nián dài
a decade of a century (e.g. the Sixties); age; era; period
511
年底
年底
nián dǐ
the end of the year; year-end
512
年纪
年紀
念
念
niàn
to read; to study (a subject); to attend (a school); to read aloud; to miss (sb); idea; remembrance; twenty (banker’s anti-fraud numeral corresponding to 廿, 20)
514
牛
牛
niú
ox; cow; bull; newton (abbr. for 牛頓|牛顿[niú dùn]); (slang) awesome
515
农村
農村
nóng cūn
rural area; village
516
农民
農民
nóng mín
peasant; farmer
517
农业
農業
nóng yè
agriculture; farming
518
女子
女子
暖和
暖和
nuǎn huo
warm; nice and warm
520
怕
怕
pà
to be afraid; to fear; to dread; to be unable to endure; perhaps
521
拍
拍
pāi
to pat; to clap; to slap; to swat; to take (a photo); to shoot (a film); racket (sports); beat (music)
522
排
排
pái
a row; a line; to set in order; to arrange; to line up; to eliminate; to drain; to push open; platoon; raft; classifier for lines, rows etc
523
排名
排名
pái míng
to rank (1st, 2nd etc); ranking
524
牌子
牌子
pái zi
sign; trademark; brand
525
派
派
pài
clique; school; group; faction; to dispatch; to send; to assign; to appoint; pi (Greek letter Ππ); the circular ratio pi = 3.1415926; (loanword) pie
526
判断
判斷
pàn duàn
to judge; to determine; judgment
527
胖
胖
跑步
跑步
pǎo bù
to run; to jog; (military) to march at the double
529
配
配
pèi
to join; to fit; to mate; to mix; to match; to deserve; to make up (a prescription); to allocate
530
配合
配合
pèi hé
matching; fitting in with; compatible with; to correspond; to fit; to conform to; rapport; to coordinate with; to act in concert with; to cooperate; to become man and wife; to combine parts of machine
531
批评
批評
pī píng
to criticize; criticism
532
批准
批准
pī zhǔn
to approve; to ratify
533
皮
皮
pí
leather; skin; fur; pico- (one trillionth); naughty
534
皮包
皮包
pí bāo
handbag; briefcase
535
啤酒
啤酒
pí jiǔ
beer (loanword)
536
票价
票價
piào jià
ticket price; fare; admission fee
537
评价
評價
píng jià
to evaluate; to assess
538
苹果
蘋果
破
破
pò
broken; damaged; worn out; lousy; rotten; to break, split or cleave; to get rid of; to destroy; to break with; to defeat; to capture (a city etc); to expose the truth of
540
破坏
破壞
pò huài
destruction; damage; to wreck; to break; to destroy
541
普遍
普遍
pǔ biàn
universal; general; widespread; common
542
普及
普及
pǔ jí
to spread extensively; to generalize; widespread; popular; universal; ubiquitous; pervasive
543
期
期
qī
a period of time; phase; stage; classifier for issues of a periodical, courses of study; time; term; period; to hope; Taiwan pr. [qí]
544
齐
齊
qí
neat; even; level with; identical; simultaneous; all together; to even sth out
545
其次
其次
其实
其實
qí shí
actually; in fact; really
547
奇怪
奇怪
qí guài
strange; odd; to marvel; to be baffled
548
气候
氣候
qì hòu
climate; atmosphere; situation
549
千万
千萬
qiān wàn
ten million; countless; many; one must by all means
550
前后
前後
qián hòu
around; from beginning to end; all around; front and rear
551
前进
前進
qián jìn
to go forward; to forge ahead; to advance; onward
552
前面
前面
qián miàn
ahead; in front; preceding; above; also pr. [qián mian]
553
前往
前往
qián wǎng
to leave for; to proceed towards; to go
554
强
強
qiáng
strong; powerful; better; slightly more than; vigorous; violent; best in their category, e.g. see 百強|百强[bǎi qiáng]
555
强大
強大
qiáng dà
large; formidable; powerful; strong
556
强调
強調
qiáng diào
to emphasize (a statement); to stress
557
强烈
強烈
qiáng liè
intense; (violently) strong
558
桥
橋
巧
巧
qiǎo
opportunely; coincidentally; as it happens; skillful; timely
560
亲
親
qīn
parent; one’s own (flesh and blood); relative; related; marriage; bride; close; intimate; in person; first-hand; in favor of; pro-; to kiss; (Internet slang) dear
561
亲切
親切
qīn qiè
amiable; cordial; close and dear; familiar
562
亲人
親人
qīn rén
one’s close relatives
563
亲自
親自
qīn zì
personally; in person; oneself
564
情感
情感
qíng gǎn
feeling; emotion; to move (emotionally)
565
情况
情況
qíng kuàng
circumstances; state of affairs; situation
566
请教
請教
qǐng jiào
to ask for guidance; to consult
567
庆祝
慶祝
qìng zhù
to celebrate
568
球迷
球迷
qiú mí
fan (ball sports)
569
区
區
qū
area; region; district; small; distinguish
570
区别
區別
qū bié
difference; to distinguish; to discriminate; to make a distinction
571
取消
取消
qǔ xiāo
to cancel; cancellation
572
去世
去世
qù shì
to pass away; to die
573
全场
全場
quán chǎng
everyone present; the whole audience; across-the-board; unanimously; whole duration (of a competition or match)
574
全面
全面
quán miàn
all-around; comprehensive; total; overall
575
全球
全球
quán qiú
entire; total; global; the (whole) world; worldwide
576
缺
缺
quē
deficiency; lack; scarce; vacant post; to run short of
577
缺点
缺點
quē diǎn
weak point; fault; shortcoming; disadvantage
578
缺少
缺少
quē shǎo
lack; shortage of; shortfall; to be short (of); to lack
579
确保
確保
què bǎo
to ensure; to guarantee
580
确定
確定
què dìng
definite; certain; fixed; to fix (on sth); to determine; to be sure; to ensure; to make certain; to ascertain; to clinch; to recognize; to confirm; OK (on computer dialog box)
581
确实
確實
què shí
indeed; really; reliable; real; true
582
裙子
裙子
群
群
qún
group; crowd; flock, herd, pack etc
584
热爱
熱愛
rè ài
to love ardently; to adore
585
热烈
熱烈
rè liè
enthusiastic; ardent; warm
586
人才
人才
rén cái
talent; talented person; looks; attractive looks
587
人工
人工
rén gōng
artificial; manpower; manual work
588
人类
人類
rén lèi
humanity; human race; mankind
589
人民
人民
人民币
人民幣
rén mín bì
Renminbi (RMB); Chinese Yuan (CNY)
591
人群
人群
人生
人生
rén shēng
life (one’s time on earth)
593
人员
人員
rén yuán
staff; crew; personnel
594
认出
認出
rèn chū
recognition; to recognize
595
认得
認得
rèn de
to recognize; to remember sth (or sb) on seeing it; to know
596
认可
認可
rèn kě
to approve; approval; acknowledgment; OK
597
任
任
rèn
to assign; to appoint; to take up a post; office; responsibility; to let; to allow; to give free rein to; no matter (how, what etc); classifier for terms served in office, or for spouses, girlfriends etc (as in 前任男友)
598
任
任
rèn
to assign; to appoint; to take up a post; office; responsibility; to let; to allow; to give free rein to; no matter (how, what etc); classifier for terms served in office, or for spouses, girlfriends etc (as in 前任男友)
599
任何
任何
rèn hé
any; whatever; whichever; whatsoever
600
任务
任務
rèn wu
mission; assignment; task; duty; role
601
仍
仍
réng
still; yet; to remain
602
仍然
仍然
日常
日常
rì cháng
daily; everyday
604
容易
容易
róng yì
easy; likely; liable (to)
605
如何
如何
rú hé
how; what way; what
606
散步
散步
sàn bù
to take a walk; to go for a walk
607
沙发
沙發
shā fā
sofa (loanword); (Internet slang) the first reply or replier to a forum post
608
沙子
沙子
伤
傷
shāng
to injure; injury; wound
610
伤心
傷心
shāng xīn
to grieve; to be broken-hearted; to feel deeply hurt
611
商品
商品
shāng pǐn
commodity; goods; merchandise
612
商业
商業
shāng yè
business; trade; commerce
613
上来
上來
shàng lái
to come up; to approach; (verb complement indicating success)
614
上面
上面
shàng miàn
on top of; above-mentioned; also pr. [shàng mian]
615
上去
上去
上升
上升
shàng shēng
to rise; to go up; to ascend
617
上衣
上衣
shàng yī
jacket; upper outer garment
618
设备
設備
shè bèi
equipment; facilities; installations
619
设计
設計
shè jì
plan; design; to design; to plan
620
设立
設立
shè lì
to set up; to establish
621
社会
社會
身份证
身份證
shēn fèn zhèng
identity card; ID
623
深
深
shēn
deep; depth; deeply; (of a color) dark; deep; rich
624
深刻
深刻
shēn kè
profound; deep; deep-going
625
深入
深入
shēn rù
to penetrate deeply; thorough
626
升
升
shēng
to ascend; to rise to the rank of; to promote; to hoist; liter; measure for dry grain equal to one-tenth dou 斗[dǒu]
627
生
生
shēng
to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; raw; uncooked; student
628
生产
生產
shēng chǎn
to produce; to manufacture; to give birth to a child
629
生存
生存
shēng cún
to exist; to survive
630
生动
生動
shēng dòng
vivid; lively
631
生命
生命
shēng mìng
life (as the characteristic of living beings); living being; creature
632
生意
生意
生长
生長
声明
聲明
shēng míng
to state; to declare; statement; declaration
635
胜
勝
shèng
victory; success; to beat; to defeat; to surpass; victorious; superior to; to get the better of; better than; surpassing; superb (of vista); beautiful (scenery); wonderful (view); (Taiwan pr. [shēng]) able to bear; equal to (a task)
636
胜利
勝利
失去
失去
石头
石頭
石油
石油
shí yóu
oil; petroleum
640
时
時
shí
o’clock; time; when; hour; season; period
641
时代
時代
shí dài
age; era; epoch; period (in one’s life)
642
时刻
時刻
shí kè
time; juncture; moment; period of time; constantly; always
643
实际上
實際上
shí jì shàng
in fact; in reality; as a matter of fact; in practice
644
实力
實力
实行
實行
shí xíng
to implement; to carry out; to put into practice
646
实验
實驗
shí yàn
experiment; test; experimental; to experiment
647
实验室
實驗室
shí yàn shì
laboratory
648
食品
食品
shí pǐn
foodstuff; food; provisions
649
使
使
shǐ
to make; to cause; to enable; to use; to employ; to send; to instruct sb to do sth; envoy; messenger
650
始终
始終
shǐ zhōng
from beginning to end; all along
651
世纪
世紀
世界
世界
世界杯
世界杯
shì jiè bēi
World Cup
654
市场
市場
shì chǎng
marketplace; market (also in abstract)
655
事故
事故
事件
事件
shì jiàn
event; happening; incident
657
事实
事實
事实上
事實上
shì shí shang
in fact; in reality; actually; as a matter of fact; de facto; ipso facto
659
事业
事業
shì yè
undertaking; project; activity; (charitable, political or revolutionary) cause; publicly funded institution, enterprise or foundation; career; occupation
660
试题
試題
shì tí
exam question; test topic
661
试验
試驗
shì yàn
experiment; test; to experiment; experimental
662
适合
適合
shì hé
to fit; to suit
663
适应
適應
shì yìng
to adapt; to fit; to suit
664
适用
適用
shì yòng
to be applicable
665
室
室
shì
room; work unit; grave; scabbard; family or clan; one of the 28 constellations of Chinese astronomy
666
收费
收費
shōu fèi
to charge a fee
667
收看
收看
shōu kàn
to watch (a TV program)
668
收听
收聽
shōu tīng
to listen to (a radio broadcast)
669
收音机
收音機
手续
手續
shǒu xù
procedure; formalities
671
手指
手指
首都
首都
shǒu dū
capital (city)
673
首先
首先
shǒu xiān
first (of all); in the first place
674
受
受
shòu
to receive; to accept; to suffer; subjected to; to bear; to stand; pleasant; (passive marker)
675
受伤
受傷
shòu shāng
to sustain injuries; wounded (in an accident etc); harmed
676
书架
書架
输
輸
shū
to lose; to transport; to donate; to enter (a password)
678
输入
輸入
shū rù
to import; to input
679
熟人
熟人
shú rén
acquaintance; friend
680
属
屬
shǔ
category; genus (taxonomy); family members; dependents; to belong to; subordinate to; affiliated with; be born in the year of (one of the 12 animals); to be; to prove to be; to constitute
681
属于
屬於
shǔ yú
to be classified as; to belong to; to be part of
682
束
束
shù
to bind; bunch; bundle; classifier for bunches, bundles, beams of light etc; to control
683
数量
數量
shù liàng
amount; quantity; quantitative
684
双
雙
shuāng
two; double; pair; both; even (number)
685
双方
雙方
shuāng fāng
bilateral; both sides; both parties involved
686
思想
思想
sī xiǎng
thought; thinking; idea; ideology
687
死
死
sǐ
to die; impassable; uncrossable; inflexible; rigid; extremely; damned
688
速度
速度
sù dù
speed; rate; velocity; (music) tempo
689
随
隨
suí
to follow; to comply with; varying according to…; to allow; subsequently
690
所
所
suǒ
actually; place; classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions etc; that which; particle introducing a relative clause or passive
691
所长
所長
suǒ zhǎng
head of an institute etc
692
台
台
tái
platform; stage; terrace; stand; support; station; broadcasting station; classifier for vehicles or machines
693
谈
談
tán
to speak; to talk; to converse; to chat; to discuss
694
谈话
談話
tán huà
talk; conversation
695
谈判
談判
tán pàn
to negotiate; negotiation; talks; conference
696
汤
湯
tāng
soup; hot or boiling water; decoction of medicinal herbs; water in which sth has been boiled
697
糖
糖
táng
sugar; sweets; candy
698
特色
特色
tè sè
characteristic; distinguishing feature or quality
699
提前
提前
tí qián
to shift to an earlier date; to do sth ahead of time; in advance
700
提问
提問
tí wèn
to question; to quiz; to grill
701
题目
題目
tí mù
subject; title; topic
702
体会
體會
tǐ huì
to know from experience; to learn through experience; to realize; understanding; experience
703
体现
體現
tǐ xiàn
to embody; to reflect; to incarnate
704
体验
體驗
tǐ yàn
to experience for oneself
705
天空
天空
甜
甜
洞
洞
tiáo
cave; hole; zero (unambiguous spoken form when spelling out numbers)
708
调整
調整
tiáo zhěng
to adjust; adjustment; revision
709
跳
跳
tiào
to jump; to hop; to skip over; to bounce; to palpitate
710
跳高
跳高
tiào gāo
high jump (athletics)
711
跳舞
跳舞
跳远
跳遠
tiào yuǎn
long jump (athletics)
713
铁
鐵
tiě
iron (metal); arms; weapons; hard; strong; violent; unshakeable; determined; close; tight (slang)
714
铁路
鐵路
tiě lù
railroad; railway
715
听力
聽力
tīng lì
hearing; listening ability
716
听众
聽眾
tīng zhòng
audience; listeners
717
停止
停止
tíng zhǐ
to stop; to halt; to cease
718
通常
通常
tōng cháng
regular; usual; normal; usually; normally
719
通信
通信
tōng xìn
to correspond (by letter etc); to communicate; communication
720
同意
同意
tóng yì
to agree; to consent; to approve
721
痛
痛
tòng
ache; pain; sorrow; deeply; thoroughly
722
痛苦
痛苦
tòng kǔ
pain; suffering; painful
723
头
頭
头脑
頭腦
tóu nǎo
brains; mind; skull; (fig.) gist (of a matter); leader; boss
725
突出
突出
tū chū
prominent; outstanding; to give prominence to; to protrude; to project
726
突然
突然
tū rán
sudden; abrupt; unexpected
727
图
圖
tú
diagram; picture; drawing; chart; map; to plan; to scheme; to attempt; to pursue; to seek
728
图画
圖畫
tú huà
drawing; picture
729
土
土
tǔ
earth; dust; clay; local; indigenous; crude opium; unsophisticated; one of the eight categories of ancient musical instruments 八音[bā yīn]
730
团
團
tuán
round; lump; ball; to roll into a ball; to gather; regiment; group; society; classifier for a lump or a soft mass: wad (of paper), ball (of wool), cloud (of smoke)
731
团结
團結
tuán jié
to unite; unity; solidarity; united
732
团体
團體
tuán tǐ
group; organization; team
733
推动
推動
tuī dòng
to push (for acceptance of a plan); to push forward; to promote; to actuate
734
推广
推廣
tuī guǎng
to extend; to spread; to popularize; generalization; promotion (of a product etc)
735
推进
推進
tuī jìn
to impel; to carry forward; to push on; to advance; to drive forward
736
推开
推開
tuī kāi
to push open (a gate etc); to push away; to reject; to decline
737
退
退
tuì
to retreat; to decline; to move back; to withdraw
738
退出
退出
tuì chū
to withdraw; to abort; to quit; to log out (computing)
739
退休
退休
tuì xiū
to retire; retirement (from work)
740
外交
外交
wài jiāo
diplomacy; diplomatic; foreign affairs
741
外面
外面
wài miàn
outside (also pr. [wài mian] for this sense); surface; exterior; external appearance
742
外文
外文
wài wén
foreign language (written)
743
完美
完美
wán měi
perfect; perfection; perfectly
744
完善
完善
wán shàn
(of systems, facilities etc) comprehensive; well-developed; excellent; to refine; to improve
745
完整
完整
wán zhěng
complete; intact
746
玩具
玩具
wán jù
plaything; toy
747
往往
往往
wǎng wǎng
usually; in many cases; more often than not
748
危害
危害
wēi hài
to jeopardize; to harm; to endanger; harmful effect; damage
749
危险
危險
wēi xiǎn
danger; dangerous
750
为
為
为
為
wéi
by (in the passive voice)
752
围
圍
wéi
to encircle; to surround; all around; to wear by wrapping around (scarf, shawl)
753
伟大
偉大
wěi dà
huge; great; grand; worthy of the greatest admiration; important (contribution etc)
754
卫生
衛生
wèi shēng
health; hygiene; sanitation
755
卫生间
衛生間
wèi shēng jiān
bathroom; toilet; WC
756
为了
為了
wèi le
in order to; for the purpose of; so as to
757
温暖
溫暖
文化
文化
wén huà
culture; civilization; cultural
759
文件
文件
wén jiàn
document; file
760
文明
文明
wén míng
civilized; civilization; culture
761
文学
文學
文章
文章
wén zhāng
article; essay; literary works; writings; hidden meaning
763
文字
文字
wén zì
character; script; writing; written language; writing style; phraseology
764
握手
握手
wò shǒu
to shake hands
765
屋子
屋子
武器
武器
武术
武術
wǔ shù
military skill or technique (in former times); all kinds of martial art sports (some claiming spiritual development); self-defense; tradition of choreographed fights from opera and film (recent usage); also called kungfu 功夫
768
舞台
舞台
wǔ tái
stage; arena; fig. in the limelight
769
西部
西部
希望
希望
xī wàng
to wish for; to desire; hope
771
系
系
xì
system; department; faculty; to connect; to relate to; to tie up; to bind; to be (literary).
772
下来
下來
xià lái
to come down; (after verb of motion, indicates motion down and towards us, also fig.); (indicates continuation from the past towards us); to be harvested (of crops); to be over (of a period of time); to go among the masses (said of leaders)
773
下面
下面
xià miàn
below; under; next; the following
774
下去
下去
xià qù
to go down; to descend; to go on; to continue; (of a servant) to withdraw
775
先进
先進
xiān jìn
advanced (technology); to advance
776
显得
顯得
xiǎn de
to seem; to look; to appear
777
显然
顯然
xiǎn rán
clear; evident; obvious(ly)
778
显示
顯示
xiǎn shì
to show; to illustrate; to display; to demonstrate
779
现场
現場
xiàn chǎng
the scene (of a crime, accident etc); (on) the spot; (at) the site
780
现代
現代
xiàn dài
modern times; modern age; modern era
781
现金
現金
现实
現實
xiàn shí
reality; actuality; real; actual; realistic; pragmatic; materialistic; self-interested
783
现象
現象
xiàn xiàng
phenomenon; appearance
784
线
線
xiàn
thread; string; wire; line; (after a number) tier (unofficial ranking of a Chinese city)
785
相比
相比
相当
相當
xiāng dāng
equivalent to; appropriate; considerably; to a certain extent; fairly; quite
787
相关
相關
xiāng guān
related; relevant; pertinent; to be interrelated; (statistics) correlation
788
相互
相互
xiāng hù
each other; mutual
789
相似
相似
xiāng sì
to resemble; similar; like; resemblance; similarity
790
香
香
xiāng
fragrant; sweet smelling; aromatic; savory or appetizing; (to eat) with relish; (of sleep) sound; perfume or spice; joss or incense stick
791
香蕉
香蕉
消费
消費
xiāo fèi
to consume; to spend
793
消失
消失
xiāo shī
to disappear; to fade away
794
消息
消息
xiāo xi
news; information
795
效果
效果
xiào guǒ
result; effect; quality
796
写作
寫作
xiě zuò
to write; to compose; writing; written works
797
血
血
xiě
blood; colloquial pr. [xiě]
798
心
心
xīn
heart; mind; intention; center; core
799
信
信
xìn
letter; mail; to trust; to believe; to profess faith in; truthful; confidence; trust; at will; at random
800
信封
信封
信任
信任
xìn rèn
to trust; to have confidence in
802
行李
行李
形成
形成
xíng chéng
to form; to take shape
804
形式
形式
xíng shì
outer appearance; form; shape; formality
805
形象
形象
xíng xiàng
image; form; figure; visualization; vivid
806
形状
形狀
xíng zhuàng
form; shape
807
幸福
幸福
xìng fú
happiness; happy; blessed
808
幸运
幸運
xìng yùn
fortunate; lucky; fortune; luck
809
性
性
xìng
nature; character; property; quality; attribute; sexuality; sex; gender; suffix forming adjective from verb; suffix forming noun from adjective, corresponding to -ness or -ity; essence
810
性别
性別
xìng bié
gender; sex; distinguishing between the sexes
811
性格
性格
xìng gé
nature; disposition; temperament; character
812
修
修
xiū
to decorate; to embellish; to repair; to build; to write; to cultivate; to study; to take (a class)
813
修改
修改
xiū gǎi
to amend; to alter; to modify
814
需求
需求
xū qiú
requirement; to require; (economics) demand
815
需要
需要
xū yào
to need; to want; to demand; to require; requirement; need
816
宣布
宣布
xuān bù
to declare; to announce; to proclaim
817
宣传
宣傳
xuān chuán
to disseminate; to give publicity to; propaganda
818
选手
選手
xuǎn shǒu
athlete; contestant
819
学费
學費
xué fèi
tuition fee; tuition
820
训练
訓練
xùn liàn
to train; to drill; training
821
压
壓
yā
to press; to push down; to keep under (control); pressure
822
压力
壓力
烟
煙
yān
cigarette or pipe tobacco; smoke; mist; vapour; tobacco plant; (of the eyes) to be irritated by smoke
824
眼前
眼前
yǎn qián
before one’s eyes; now; at present
825
演
演
yǎn
to develop; to evolve; to practice; to perform; to play; to act
826
演唱
演唱
yǎn chàng
sung performance; to sing for an audience
827
演唱会
演唱會
yǎn chàng huì
vocal recital or concert
828
演出
演出
yǎn chū
to act (in a play); to perform; to put on (a performance); performance; concert; show
829
演员
演員
yǎn yuán
actor or actress; performer
830
羊
羊
阳光
陽光
yáng guāng
sunshine; transparent (open to public scrutiny)
832
要是
要是
衣架
衣架
yī jià
clothes hanger; clothes rack
834
一切
一切
yī qiè
everything; every; all
835
已
已
yǐ
already; to stop; then; afterwards
836
以来
以來
yǐ lái
since (a previous event)
837
一方面
一方面
yì fāng miàn
on the one hand
838
艺术
藝術
意外
意外
yì wài
unexpected; accident; mishap
840
意义
意義
yì yì
sense; meaning; significance; importance
841
因此
因此
yīn cǐ
thus; consequently; as a result
842
银
銀
yín
silver; silver-colored; relating to money or currency
843
银牌
銀牌
印象
印象
应当
應當
yīng dāng
should; ought to
846
迎接
迎接
yíng jiē
to meet; to welcome; to greet
847
营养
營養
yíng yǎng
nutrition; nourishment
848
赢
贏
yíng
to beat; to win; to profit
849
影视
影視
yǐng shì
movies and television
850
应用
應用
yìng yòng
to use; to apply; application; applicable
851
优点
優點
yōu diǎn
merit; benefit; strong point; advantage
852
优势
優勢
yōu shì
superiority; dominance; advantage
853
由
由
yóu
to follow; from; it is for…to; reason; cause; because of; due to; to; to leave it (to sb); by (introduces passive verb)
854
由于
由於
yóu yú
due to; as a result of; thanks to; owing to; since; because
855
邮件
郵件
yóu jiàn
mail; post; email
856
邮票
郵票
yóu piào
(postage) stamp
857
邮箱
郵箱
yóu xiāng
mailbox; post office box; email; email inbox
858
游
遊
yóu
to walk; to tour; to roam; to travel
859
游戏
遊戲
游泳
游泳
yóu yǒng
swimming; to swim
861
有的是
有的是
yǒu de shì
have plenty of; there’s no lack of
862
有利
有利
yǒu lì
advantageous; to have advantages; favorable
863
有效
有效
yǒu xiào
effective; in effect; valid
864
预报
預報
预防
預防
yù fáng
to prevent; to take precautions against; to protect; to guard against; precautionary; prophylactic
866
预计
預計
yù jì
to forecast; to predict; to estimate
867
预习
預習
yù xí
to prepare a lesson
868
员
員
yuán
person; employee; member
869
员工
員工
yuán gōng
staff; personnel; employee
870
愿望
願望
yuàn wàng
desire; wish
871
约
約
yuē
to make an appointment; to invite; approximately; pact; treaty; to economize; to restrict; to reduce (a fraction); concise
872
乐队
樂隊
yuè duì
band; pop group
873
运输
運輸
yùn shū
transport; haulage; transit
874
杂志
雜誌
早已
早已
zǎo yǐ
long ago; for a long time
876
造
造
zào
to make; to build; to manufacture; to invent; to fabricate; to go to; party (in a lawsuit or legal agreement); crop; classifier for crops
877
造成
造成
zào chéng
to bring about; to create; to cause
878
责任
責任
zé rèn
responsibility; blame; duty
879
增加
增加
zēng jiā
to raise; to increase
880
增长
增長
zēng zhǎng
to grow; to increase
881
展开
展開
zhǎn kāi
to unfold; to carry out; to be in full swing; to launch
882
张
張
zhāng
to open up; to spread; sheet of paper; classifier for flat objects, sheet; classifier for votes
883
照
照
zhào
according to; in accordance with; to shine; to illuminate; to reflect; to look at (one’s reflection); to take (a photo); photo; as requested; as before
884
者
者
zhě
(after a verb or adjective) one who (is) …; (after a noun) person involved in …; -er; -ist; (used after a number or 後|后[hòu] or 前[qián] to refer to sth mentioned previously); (used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term); (old) (used at the end of a command); (old) this
885
真实
真實
争
爭
zhēng
to strive for; to vie for; to argue or debate; deficient or lacking (dialect); how or what (literary)
887
争取
爭取
zhēng qǔ
to fight for; to strive for; to win over
888
整
整
zhěng
exactly; in good order; whole; complete; entire; in order; orderly; to repair; to mend; to renovate; (coll.) to fix sb; to give sb a hard time; to mess with sb
889
整个
整個
zhěng gè
whole; entire; total
890
整理
整理
zhěng lǐ
to arrange; to tidy up; to sort out; to straighten out; to list systematically; to collate (data, files); to pack (luggage)
891
整齐
整齊
zhěng qí
orderly; neat; even; tidy
892
整体
整體
zhěng tǐ
whole entity; entire body; synthesis; as a whole (situation, construction, team etc); global; macrocosm; integral; holistic; whole
893
整天
整天
zhěng tiān
all day long; whole day
894
整整
整整
zhěng zhěng
whole; full
895
正
正
zhèng
straight; upright; proper; main; principal; (math.) positive
896
正式
正式
zhèng shì
formal; official
897
证
證
zhèng
certificate; proof; to prove; to demonstrate; to confirm; variant of 症[zhèng]
898
证件
證件
zhèng jiàn
certificate; papers; credentials; document; ID
899
证据
證據
zhèng jù
evidence; proof; testimony
900
证明
證明
zhèng míng
proof; certificate; identification; testimonial; to prove; to testify; to confirm the truth of
901
支
支
zhī
to support; to sustain; to erect; to raise; branch; division; to draw money; classifier for rods such as pens and guns, for army divisions and for songs or compositions
902
支持
支持
zhī chí
to be in favor of; to support; to back; support; backing; to stand by
903
支付
支付
zhī fù
to pay (money)
904
只
只
zhī
classifier for birds and certain animals, one of a pair, some utensils, vessels etc.
905
直
直
zhí
straight; to straighten; fair and reasonable; frank; straightforward; (indicates continuing motion or action); vertical; vertical downward stroke in Chinese characters
906
直播
直播
zhí bō
live broadcast (not recorded); direct Internet broadcasting; (agriculture) direct seeding
907
直到
直到
值
值
zhí
value; (to be) worth; to happen to; to be on duty
909
值得
值得
zhí dé
to be worth; to deserve
910
职工
職工
zhí gōng
workers; staff
911
职业
職業
zhí yè
occupation; profession; vocation; professional
912
只好
只好
zhǐ hǎo
without any better option; to have to; to be forced to
913
只是
只是
zhǐ shì
merely; simply; only; but
914
只有
只有
zhǐ yǒu
only, only if
915
指
指
zhǐ
finger; to point at or to; to indicate or refer to; to depend on; to count on; (of hair) to stand on end
916
指出
指出
zhǐ chū
to indicate; to point out
917
指导
指導
zhǐ dǎo
to guide; to give directions; to direct; to coach; guidance; tuition
918
至今
至今
zhì jīn
so far; to this day; until now
919
至少
至少
zhì shǎo
at least; (to say the) least
920
志愿
志願
zhì yuàn
aspiration; ambition; to volunteer
921
志愿者
志願者
zhì yuàn zhě
volunteer
922
制定
制定
zhì dìng
to draw up; to formulate
923
制度
制度
zhì dù
system (e.g. political, adminstrative etc); institution
924
制造
製造
zhì zào
to manufacture; to make
925
制作
製作
zhì zuò
to make; to manufacture
926
中部
中部
zhōng bù
middle part; central section
927
中华民族
中華民族
zhōng huá mín zú
the Chinese people
928
终于
終於
zhōng yú
at last; in the end; finally; eventually
929
钟
鐘
zhōng
clock; o’clock; time as measured in hours and minutes; bell
930
种
種
zhǒng
seed; species; kind; type; classifier for types, kinds, sorts
931
种子
種子
重大
重大
zhòng dà
great; important; major; significant
933
周围
周圍
zhōu wéi
surroundings; environment; to encompass
934
猪
豬
主持
主持
zhǔ chí
to take charge of; to manage or direct; to preside over; to uphold; to stand for (justice etc); to host (a TV or radio program etc); (TV) anchor
936
主动
主動
zhǔ dòng
to take the initiative; to do sth of one’s own accord; spontaneous; active; opposite: passive 被動|被动[bèi dòng]; drive (of gears and shafts etc)
937
主任
主任
zhǔ rèn
director; head
938
主意
主意
zhǔ yì
plan; idea; decision; Beijing pr. [zhú yi]
939
主张
主張
zhǔ zhāng
to advocate; to stand for; view; position; stand; proposition; viewpoint; assertion
940
注意
注意
zhù yì
to take note of; to pay attention to
941
祝
祝
zhù
to wish; to express good wishes; to pray; (old) wizard
942
抓
抓
zhuā
to grab; to catch; to arrest; to snatch; to scratch
943
抓住
抓住
zhuā zhù
to grab; to capture
944
专家
專家
zhuān jiā
expert; specialist
945
专门
專門
zhuān mén
specialist; specialized; customized
946
专题
專題
zhuān tí
specific topic (addressed by a book, lecture, TV program etc); article, report or program etc on a specific topic
947
专业
專業
zhuān yè
specialty; specialized field; main field of study (at university); major; professional
948
转
轉
zhuǎn
to turn; to change direction; to transfer; to forward (mail)
949
转变
轉變
zhuǎn biàn
to change; to transform; shift; transformation
950
状况
狀況
zhuàng kuàng
condition; state; situation
951
状态
狀態
zhuàng tài
state of affairs; state; mode; situation
952
追
追
zhuī
to chase after; to seek; to do one’s utmost to seek or procure sth; to recall
953
准
準
zhǔn
accurate; standard; definitely; certainly; about to become (bride, son-in-law etc); quasi-; para-; to allow; to grant; in accordance with; in the light of
954
资格
資格
zī gé
qualifications; seniority
955
资金
資金
zī jīn
funds; funding; capital
956
子女
子女
zǐ nǚ
children; sons and daughters
957
自从
自從
zì cóng
since (a time); ever since
958
自动
自動
zì dòng
automatic; voluntarily
959
自觉
自覺
zì jué
conscious; aware; on one’s own initiative; conscientious
960
自然
自然
zì rán
nature; natural; naturally
961
自身
自身
zì shēn
itself; oneself; one’s own
962
自主
自主
zì zhǔ
independent; to act for oneself; autonomous
963
总
總
zǒng
always; to assemble; gather; total; overall; head; chief; general; in every case
964
总结
總結
zǒng jié
to sum up; to conclude; summary; résumé
965
总是
總是
足够
足夠
zú gòu
enough; sufficient
967
足球
足球
zú qiú
soccer ball; a football; soccer; football
968
组合
組合
zǔ hé
to assemble; to combine; to compose; combination; association; set; compilation; (math.) combinatorial
969
左右
左右
zuǒ yòu
left and right; nearby; approximately; attendant; to control; to influence
970
作品
作品
zuò pǐn
work (of art); opus
971
作者
作者
zuò zhě
author; writer
972
做客
做客
zuò kè
to be a guest or visitor
973